/*-
* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
*
* Copyright (c) 2004 Colin Percival
* Copyright (c) 2005 Nate Lawson
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted providing that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY
* DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
* STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
* IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <libutil.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sysexits.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#ifdef __i386__
#define USE_APM
#endif
#ifdef USE_APM
#include <machine/apm_bios.h>
#endif
#define DEFAULT_ACTIVE_PERCENT 75
#define DEFAULT_IDLE_PERCENT 50
#define DEFAULT_POLL_INTERVAL 250 /* Poll interval in milliseconds */
typedef enum {
MODE_MIN,
MODE_ADAPTIVE,
MODE_HIADAPTIVE,
MODE_MAX,
} modes_t;
typedef enum {
SRC_AC,
SRC_BATTERY,
SRC_UNKNOWN,
} power_src_t;
static const char *modes[] = {
"AC",
"battery",
"unknown"
};
#define ACPIAC "hw.acpi.acline"
#define PMUAC "dev.pmu.0.acline"
#define APMDEV "/dev/apm"
#define DEVDPIPE "/var/run/devd.pipe"
#define DEVCTL_MAXBUF 1024
static int read_usage_times(int *load, int nonice);
static int read_freqs(int *numfreqs, int **freqs, int **power,
int minfreq, int maxfreq);
static int set_freq(int freq);
static void acline_init(void);
static void acline_read(void);
static int devd_init(void);
static void devd_close(void);
static void handle_sigs(int sig);
static void parse_mode(char *arg, int *mode, int ch);
static void usage(void);
/* Sysctl data structures. */
static int cp_times_mib[2];
static int freq_mib[4];
static int levels_mib[4];
static int acline_mib[4];
static size_t acline_mib_len;
/* Configuration */
static int cpu_running_mark;
static int cpu_idle_mark;
static int poll_ival;
static int vflag;
static volatile sig_atomic_t exit_requested;
static power_src_t acline_status;
typedef enum {
ac_none,
ac_sysctl,
ac_acpi_devd,
#ifdef USE_APM
ac_apm,
#endif
} acline_mode_t;
static acline_mode_t acline_mode;
static acline_mode_t acline_mode_user = ac_none;
#ifdef USE_APM
static int apm_fd = -1;
#endif
static int devd_pipe = -1;
#define DEVD_RETRY_INTERVAL 60 /* seconds */
static struct timeval tried_devd;
/*
* This function returns summary load of all CPUs. It was made so
* intentionally to not reduce performance in scenarios when several
* threads are processing requests as a pipeline -- running one at
* a time on different CPUs and waiting for each other. If nonice
* is nonzero, only user+sys+intr time will be counted as load; any
* nice time will be treated as if idle.
*/
static int
read_usage_times(int *load, int nonice)
{
static long *cp_times = NULL, *cp_times_old = NULL;
static int ncpus = 0;
size_t cp_times_len;
int error, cpu, i, total, excl;
if (cp_times == NULL) {
cp_times_len = 0;
error = sysctl(cp_times_mib, 2, NULL, &cp_times_len, NULL, 0);
if (error)
return (error);
if ((cp_times = malloc(cp_times_len)) == NULL)
return (errno);
if ((cp_times_old = malloc(cp_times_len)) == NULL) {
free(cp_times);
cp_times = NULL;
return (errno);
}
ncpus = cp_times_len / (sizeof(long) * CPUSTATES);
}
cp_times_len = sizeof(long) * CPUSTATES * ncpus;
error = sysctl(cp_times_mib, 2, cp_times, &cp_times_len, NULL, 0);
if (error)
return (error);
if (load) {
*load = 0;
for (cpu = 0; cpu < ncpus; cpu++) {
total = 0;
for (i = 0; i < CPUSTATES; i++) {
total += cp_times[cpu * CPUSTATES + i] -
cp_times_old[cpu * CPUSTATES + i];
}
if (total == 0)
continue;
excl = cp_times[cpu * CPUSTATES + CP_IDLE] -
cp_times_old[cpu * CPUSTATES + CP_IDLE];
if (nonice)
excl += cp_times[cpu * CPUSTATES + CP_NICE] -
cp_times_old[cpu * CPUSTATES + CP_NICE];
*load += 100 - excl * 100 / total;
}
}
memcpy(cp_times_old, cp_times, cp_times_len);
return (0);
}
static int
read_freqs(int *numfreqs, int **freqs, int **power, int minfreq, int maxfreq)
{
char *freqstr, *p, *q;
int i, j;
size_t len = 0;
if (sysctl(levels_mib, 4, NULL, &len, NULL, 0))
return (-1);
if ((freqstr = malloc(len)) == NULL)
return (-1);
if (sysctl(levels_mib, 4, freqstr, &len, NULL, 0)) {
free(freqstr);
return (-1);
}
*numfreqs = 1;
for (p = freqstr; *p != '\0'; p++)
if (*p == ' ')
(*numfreqs)++;
if ((*freqs = malloc(*numfreqs * sizeof(int))) == NULL) {
free(freqstr);
return (-1);
}
if ((*power = malloc(*numfreqs * sizeof(int))) == NULL) {
free(freqstr);
free(*freqs);
return (-1);
}
for (i = 0, j = 0, p = freqstr; i < *numfreqs; i++) {
q = strchr(p, ' ');
if (q != NULL)
*q = '\0';
if (sscanf(p, "%d/%d", &(*freqs)[j], &(*power)[i]) != 2) {
free(freqstr);
free(*freqs);
free(*power);
return (-1);
}
if (((*freqs)[j] >= minfreq || minfreq == -1) &&
((*freqs)[j] <= maxfreq || maxfreq == -1))
j++;
p = q + 1;
}
*numfreqs = j;
if ((*freqs = realloc(*freqs, *numfreqs * sizeof(int))) == NULL) {
free(freqstr);
free(*freqs);
free(*power);
return (-1);
}
free(freqstr);
return (0);
}
static int
get_freq(void)
{
size_t len;
int curfreq;
len = sizeof(curfreq);
if (sysctl(freq_mib, 4, &curfreq, &len, NULL, 0) != 0) {
if (vflag)
warn("error reading current CPU frequency");
curfreq = 0;
}
return (curfreq);
}
static int
set_freq(int freq)
{
if (sysctl(freq_mib, 4, NULL, NULL, &freq, sizeof(freq))) {
if (errno != EPERM)
return (-1);
}
return (0);
}
static int
get_freq_id(int freq, int *freqs, int numfreqs)
{
int i = 1;
while (i < numfreqs) {
if (freqs[i] < freq)
break;
i++;
}
return (i - 1);
}
/*
* Try to use ACPI to find the AC line status. If this fails, fall back
* to APM. If nothing succeeds, we'll just run in default mode.
*/
static void
acline_init(void)
{
int skip_source_check;
acline_mib_len = 4;
acline_status = SRC_UNKNOWN;
skip_source_check = (acline_mode_user == ac_none ||
acline_mode_user == ac_acpi_devd);
if ((skip_source_check || acline_mode_user == ac_sysctl) &&
sysctlnametomib(ACPIAC, acline_mib, &acline_mib_len) == 0) {
acline_mode = ac_sysctl;
if (vflag)
warnx("using sysctl for AC line status");
#ifdef __powerpc__
} else if ((skip_source_check || acline_mode_user == ac_sysctl) &&
sysctlnametomib(PMUAC, acline_mib, &acline_mib_len) == 0) {
acline_mode = ac_sysctl;
if (vflag)
warnx("using sysctl for AC line status");
#endif
#ifdef USE_APM
} else if ((skip_source_check || acline_mode_user == ac_apm) &&
(apm_fd = open(APMDEV, O_RDONLY)) >= 0) {
if (vflag)
warnx("using APM for AC line status");
acline_mode = ac_apm;
#endif
} else {
warnx("unable to determine AC line status");
acline_mode = ac_none;
}
}
static void
acline_read(void)
{
if (acline_mode == ac_acpi_devd) {
char buf[DEVCTL_MAXBUF], *ptr;
ssize_t rlen;
int notify;
rlen = read(devd_pipe, buf, sizeof(buf));
if (rlen == 0 || (rlen < 0 && errno != EWOULDBLOCK)) {
if (vflag)
warnx("lost devd connection, switching to sysctl");
devd_close();
acline_mode = ac_sysctl;
/* FALLTHROUGH */
}
if (rlen > 0 &&
(ptr = strstr(buf, "system=ACPI")) != NULL &&
(ptr = strstr(ptr, "subsystem=ACAD")) != NULL &&
(ptr = strstr(ptr, "notify=")) != NULL &&
sscanf(ptr, "notify=%x", ¬ify) == 1)
acline_status = (notify ? SRC_AC : SRC_BATTERY);
}
if (acline_mode == ac_sysctl) {
int acline;
size_t len;
len = sizeof(acline);
if (sysctl(acline_mib, acline_mib_len, &acline, &len,
NULL, 0) == 0)
acline_status = (acline ? SRC_AC : SRC_BATTERY);
else
acline_status = SRC_UNKNOWN;
}
#ifdef USE_APM
if (acline_mode == ac_apm) {
struct apm_info info;
if (ioctl(apm_fd, APMIO_GETINFO, &info) == 0) {
acline_status = (info.ai_acline ? SRC_AC : SRC_BATTERY);
} else {
close(apm_fd);
apm_fd = -1;
acline_mode = ac_none;
acline_status = SRC_UNKNOWN;
}
}
#endif
/* try to (re)connect to devd */
#ifdef USE_APM
if ((acline_mode == ac_sysctl &&
(acline_mode_user == ac_none ||
acline_mode_user == ac_acpi_devd)) ||
(acline_mode == ac_apm &&
acline_mode_user == ac_acpi_devd)) {
#else
if (acline_mode == ac_sysctl &&
(acline_mode_user == ac_none ||
acline_mode_user == ac_acpi_devd)) {
#endif
struct timeval now;
gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
if (now.tv_sec > tried_devd.tv_sec + DEVD_RETRY_INTERVAL) {
if (devd_init() >= 0) {
if (vflag)
warnx("using devd for AC line status");
acline_mode = ac_acpi_devd;
}
tried_devd = now;
}
}
}
static int
devd_init(void)
{
struct sockaddr_un devd_addr;
bzero(&devd_addr, sizeof(devd_addr));
if ((devd_pipe = socket(PF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
if (vflag)
warn("%s(): socket()", __func__);
return (-1);
}
devd_addr.sun_family = PF_LOCAL;
strlcpy(devd_addr.sun_path, DEVDPIPE, sizeof(devd_addr.sun_path));
if (connect(devd_pipe, (struct sockaddr *)&devd_addr,
sizeof(devd_addr)) == -1) {
if (vflag)
warn("%s(): connect()", __func__);
close(devd_pipe);
devd_pipe = -1;
return (-1);
}
return (devd_pipe);
}
static void
devd_close(void)
{
close(devd_pipe);
devd_pipe = -1;
}
static void
parse_mode(char *arg, int *mode, int ch)
{
if (strcmp(arg, "minimum") == 0 || strcmp(arg, "min") == 0)
*mode = MODE_MIN;
else if (strcmp(arg, "maximum") == 0 || strcmp(arg, "max") == 0)
*mode = MODE_MAX;
else if (strcmp(arg, "adaptive") == 0 || strcmp(arg, "adp") == 0)
*mode = MODE_ADAPTIVE;
else if (strcmp(arg, "hiadaptive") == 0 || strcmp(arg, "hadp") == 0)
*mode = MODE_HIADAPTIVE;
else
errx(1, "bad option: -%c %s", (char)ch, optarg);
}
static void
parse_acline_mode(char *arg, int ch)
{
if (strcmp(arg, "sysctl") == 0)
acline_mode_user = ac_sysctl;
else if (strcmp(arg, "devd") == 0)
acline_mode_user = ac_acpi_devd;
#ifdef USE_APM
else if (strcmp(arg, "apm") == 0)
acline_mode_user = ac_apm;
#endif
else
errx(1, "bad option: -%c %s", (char)ch, optarg);
}
static void
handle_sigs(int __unused sig)
{
exit_requested = 1;
}
static void
usage(void)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"usage: powerd [-v] [-a mode] [-b mode] [-i %%] [-m freq] [-M freq] [-N] [-n mode] [-p ival] [-r %%] [-s source] [-P pidfile]\n");
exit(1);
}
int
main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
struct timeval timeout;
fd_set fdset;
int nfds;
struct pidfh *pfh = NULL;
const char *pidfile = NULL;
int freq, curfreq, initfreq, *freqs, i, j, *mwatts, numfreqs, load;
int minfreq = -1, maxfreq = -1;
int ch, mode, mode_ac, mode_battery, mode_none, idle, to;
uint64_t mjoules_used;
size_t len;
int nonice;
/* Default mode for all AC states is adaptive. */
mode_ac = mode_none = MODE_HIADAPTIVE;
mode_battery = MODE_ADAPTIVE;
cpu_running_mark = DEFAULT_ACTIVE_PERCENT;
cpu_idle_mark = DEFAULT_IDLE_PERCENT;
poll_ival = DEFAULT_POLL_INTERVAL;
mjoules_used = 0;
vflag = 0;
nonice = 0;
/* User must be root to control frequencies. */
if (geteuid() != 0)
errx(1, "must be root to run");
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "a:b:i:m:M:Nn:p:P:r:s:v")) != -1)
switch (ch) {
case 'a':
parse_mode(optarg, &mode_ac, ch);
break;
case 'b':
parse_mode(optarg, &mode_battery, ch);
break;
case 's':
parse_acline_mode(optarg, ch);
break;
case 'i':
cpu_idle_mark = atoi(optarg);
if (cpu_idle_mark < 0 || cpu_idle_mark > 100) {
warnx("%d is not a valid percent",
cpu_idle_mark);
usage();
}
break;
case 'm':
minfreq = atoi(optarg);
if (minfreq < 0) {
warnx("%d is not a valid CPU frequency",
minfreq);
usage();
}
break;
case 'M':
maxfreq = atoi(optarg);
if (maxfreq < 0) {
warnx("%d is not a valid CPU frequency",
maxfreq);
usage();
}
break;
case 'N':
nonice = 1;
break;
case 'n':
parse_mode(optarg, &mode_none, ch);
break;
case 'p':
poll_ival = atoi(optarg);
if (poll_ival < 5) {
warnx("poll interval is in units of ms");
usage();
}
break;
case 'P':
pidfile = optarg;
break;
case 'r':
cpu_running_mark = atoi(optarg);
if (cpu_running_mark <= 0 || cpu_running_mark > 100) {
warnx("%d is not a valid percent",
cpu_running_mark);
usage();
}
break;
case 'v':
vflag = 1;
break;
default:
usage();
}
mode = mode_none;
/* Poll interval is in units of ms. */
poll_ival *= 1000;
/* Look up various sysctl MIBs. */
len = 2;
if (sysctlnametomib("kern.cp_times", cp_times_mib, &len))
err(1, "lookup kern.cp_times");
len = 4;
if (sysctlnametomib("dev.cpu.0.freq", freq_mib, &len))
err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "no cpufreq(4) support -- aborting");
len = 4;
if (sysctlnametomib("dev.cpu.0.freq_levels", levels_mib, &len))
err(1, "lookup freq_levels");
/* Check if we can read the load and supported freqs. */
if (read_usage_times(NULL, nonice))
err(1, "read_usage_times");
if (read_freqs(&numfreqs, &freqs, &mwatts, minfreq, maxfreq))
err(1, "error reading supported CPU frequencies");
if (numfreqs == 0)
errx(1, "no CPU frequencies in user-specified range");
/* Run in the background unless in verbose mode. */
if (!vflag) {
pid_t otherpid;
pfh = pidfile_open(pidfile, 0600, &otherpid);
if (pfh == NULL) {
if (errno == EEXIST) {
errx(1, "powerd already running, pid: %d",
otherpid);
}
warn("cannot open pid file");
}
if (daemon(0, 0) != 0) {
warn("cannot enter daemon mode, exiting");
pidfile_remove(pfh);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
pidfile_write(pfh);
}
/* Decide whether to use ACPI or APM to read the AC line status. */
acline_init();
/*
* Exit cleanly on signals.
*/
signal(SIGINT, handle_sigs);
signal(SIGTERM, handle_sigs);
freq = initfreq = curfreq = get_freq();
i = get_freq_id(curfreq, freqs, numfreqs);
if (freq < 1)
freq = 1;
/*
* If we are in adaptive mode and the current frequency is outside the
* user-defined range, adjust it to be within the user-defined range.
*/
acline_read();
if (acline_status > SRC_UNKNOWN)
errx(1, "invalid AC line status %d", acline_status);
if ((acline_status == SRC_AC &&
(mode_ac == MODE_ADAPTIVE || mode_ac == MODE_HIADAPTIVE)) ||
(acline_status == SRC_BATTERY &&
(mode_battery == MODE_ADAPTIVE || mode_battery == MODE_HIADAPTIVE)) ||
(acline_status == SRC_UNKNOWN &&
(mode_none == MODE_ADAPTIVE || mode_none == MODE_HIADAPTIVE))) {
/* Read the current frequency. */
len = sizeof(curfreq);
if (sysctl(freq_mib, 4, &curfreq, &len, NULL, 0) != 0) {
if (vflag)
warn("error reading current CPU frequency");
}
if (curfreq < freqs[numfreqs - 1]) {
if (vflag) {
printf("CPU frequency is below user-defined "
"minimum; changing frequency to %d "
"MHz\n", freqs[numfreqs - 1]);
}
if (set_freq(freqs[numfreqs - 1]) != 0) {
warn("error setting CPU freq %d",
freqs[numfreqs - 1]);
}
} else if (curfreq > freqs[0]) {
if (vflag) {
printf("CPU frequency is above user-defined "
"maximum; changing frequency to %d "
"MHz\n", freqs[0]);
}
if (set_freq(freqs[0]) != 0) {
warn("error setting CPU freq %d",
freqs[0]);
}
}
}
idle = 0;
/* Main loop. */
for (;;) {
FD_ZERO(&fdset);
if (devd_pipe >= 0) {
FD_SET(devd_pipe, &fdset);
nfds = devd_pipe + 1;
} else {
nfds = 0;
}
if (mode == MODE_HIADAPTIVE || idle < 120)
to = poll_ival;
else if (idle < 360)
to = poll_ival * 2;
else
to = poll_ival * 4;
timeout.tv_sec = to / 1000000;
timeout.tv_usec = to % 1000000;
select(nfds, &fdset, NULL, &fdset, &timeout);
/* If the user requested we quit, print some statistics. */
if (exit_requested) {
if (vflag && mjoules_used != 0)
printf("total joules used: %u.%03u\n",
(u_int)(mjoules_used / 1000),
(int)mjoules_used % 1000);
break;
}
/* Read the current AC status and record the mode. */
acline_read();
switch (acline_status) {
case SRC_AC:
mode = mode_ac;
break;
case SRC_BATTERY:
mode = mode_battery;
break;
case SRC_UNKNOWN:
mode = mode_none;
break;
default:
errx(1, "invalid AC line status %d", acline_status);
}
/* Read the current frequency. */
if (idle % 32 == 0) {
if ((curfreq = get_freq()) == 0)
continue;
i = get_freq_id(curfreq, freqs, numfreqs);
}
idle++;
if (vflag) {
/* Keep a sum of all power actually used. */
if (mwatts[i] != -1)
mjoules_used +=
(mwatts[i] * (poll_ival / 1000)) / 1000;
}
/* Always switch to the lowest frequency in min mode. */
if (mode == MODE_MIN) {
freq = freqs[numfreqs - 1];
if (curfreq != freq) {
if (vflag) {
printf("now operating on %s power; "
"changing frequency to %d MHz\n",
modes[acline_status], freq);
}
idle = 0;
if (set_freq(freq) != 0) {
warn("error setting CPU freq %d",
freq);
continue;
}
}
continue;
}
/* Always switch to the highest frequency in max mode. */
if (mode == MODE_MAX) {
freq = freqs[0];
if (curfreq != freq) {
if (vflag) {
printf("now operating on %s power; "
"changing frequency to %d MHz\n",
modes[acline_status], freq);
}
idle = 0;
if (set_freq(freq) != 0) {
warn("error setting CPU freq %d",
freq);
continue;
}
}
continue;
}
/* Adaptive mode; get the current CPU usage times. */
if (read_usage_times(&load, nonice)) {
if (vflag)
warn("read_usage_times() failed");
continue;
}
if (mode == MODE_ADAPTIVE) {
if (load > cpu_running_mark) {
if (load > 95 || load > cpu_running_mark * 2)
freq *= 2;
else
freq = freq * load / cpu_running_mark;
if (freq > freqs[0])
freq = freqs[0];
} else if (load < cpu_idle_mark &&
curfreq * load < freqs[get_freq_id(
freq * 7 / 8, freqs, numfreqs)] *
cpu_running_mark) {
freq = freq * 7 / 8;
if (freq < freqs[numfreqs - 1])
freq = freqs[numfreqs - 1];
}
} else { /* MODE_HIADAPTIVE */
if (load > cpu_running_mark / 2) {
if (load > 95 || load > cpu_running_mark)
freq *= 4;
else
freq = freq * load * 2 / cpu_running_mark;
if (freq > freqs[0] * 2)
freq = freqs[0] * 2;
} else if (load < cpu_idle_mark / 2 &&
curfreq * load < freqs[get_freq_id(
freq * 31 / 32, freqs, numfreqs)] *
cpu_running_mark / 2) {
freq = freq * 31 / 32;
if (freq < freqs[numfreqs - 1])
freq = freqs[numfreqs - 1];
}
}
if (vflag) {
printf("load %3d%%, current freq %4d MHz (%2d), wanted freq %4d MHz\n",
load, curfreq, i, freq);
}
j = get_freq_id(freq, freqs, numfreqs);
if (i != j) {
if (vflag) {
printf("changing clock"
" speed from %d MHz to %d MHz\n",
freqs[i], freqs[j]);
}
idle = 0;
if (set_freq(freqs[j]))
warn("error setting CPU frequency %d",
freqs[j]);
}
}
if (set_freq(initfreq))
warn("error setting CPU frequency %d", initfreq);
free(freqs);
free(mwatts);
devd_close();
if (!vflag)
pidfile_remove(pfh);
exit(0);
}
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