/*-
* Copyright (c) 2016-2017 Nuxi, https://nuxi.nl/
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <regex.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <zlib.h>
/* Regular expressions for filtering output. */
static regex_t inc_regex;
static regex_t exc_regex;
/*
* Cursor for iterating over all of the system's sysctl OIDs.
*/
struct oid {
int id[CTL_MAXNAME];
size_t len;
};
/* Initializes the cursor to point to start of the tree. */
static void
oid_get_root(struct oid *o)
{
o->id[0] = CTL_KERN;
o->len = 1;
}
/* Obtains the OID for a sysctl by name. */
static bool
oid_get_by_name(struct oid *o, const char *name)
{
o->len = nitems(o->id);
return (sysctlnametomib(name, o->id, &o->len) == 0);
}
/* Returns whether an OID is placed below another OID. */
static bool
oid_is_beneath(struct oid *oa, struct oid *ob)
{
return (oa->len >= ob->len &&
memcmp(oa->id, ob->id, ob->len * sizeof(oa->id[0])) == 0);
}
/* Advances the cursor to the next OID. */
static bool
oid_get_next(const struct oid *cur, struct oid *next)
{
int lookup[CTL_MAXNAME + 2];
size_t nextsize;
lookup[0] = CTL_SYSCTL;
lookup[1] = CTL_SYSCTL_NEXT;
memcpy(lookup + 2, cur->id, cur->len * sizeof(lookup[0]));
nextsize = sizeof(next->id);
if (sysctl(lookup, 2 + cur->len, &next->id, &nextsize, 0, 0) != 0) {
if (errno == ENOENT)
return (false);
err(1, "sysctl(next)");
}
next->len = nextsize / sizeof(next->id[0]);
return (true);
}
/*
* OID formatting metadata.
*/
struct oidformat {
unsigned int kind;
char format[BUFSIZ];
};
/* Returns whether the OID represents a temperature value. */
static bool
oidformat_is_temperature(const struct oidformat *of)
{
return (of->format[0] == 'I' && of->format[1] == 'K');
}
/* Returns whether the OID represents a timeval structure. */
static bool
oidformat_is_timeval(const struct oidformat *of)
{
return (strcmp(of->format, "S,timeval") == 0);
}
/* Fetches the formatting metadata for an OID. */
static bool
oid_get_format(const struct oid *o, struct oidformat *of)
{
int lookup[CTL_MAXNAME + 2];
size_t oflen;
lookup[0] = CTL_SYSCTL;
lookup[1] = CTL_SYSCTL_OIDFMT;
memcpy(lookup + 2, o->id, o->len * sizeof(lookup[0]));
oflen = sizeof(*of);
if (sysctl(lookup, 2 + o->len, of, &oflen, 0, 0) != 0) {
if (errno == ENOENT)
return (false);
err(1, "sysctl(oidfmt)");
}
return (true);
}
/*
* Container for holding the value of an OID.
*/
struct oidvalue {
enum { SIGNED, UNSIGNED, FLOAT } type;
union {
intmax_t s;
uintmax_t u;
double f;
} value;
};
/* Extracts the value of an OID, converting it to a floating-point number. */
static double
oidvalue_get_float(const struct oidvalue *ov)
{
switch (ov->type) {
case SIGNED:
return (ov->value.s);
case UNSIGNED:
return (ov->value.u);
case FLOAT:
return (ov->value.f);
default:
assert(0 && "Unknown value type");
}
}
/* Sets the value of an OID as a signed integer. */
static void
oidvalue_set_signed(struct oidvalue *ov, intmax_t s)
{
ov->type = SIGNED;
ov->value.s = s;
}
/* Sets the value of an OID as an unsigned integer. */
static void
oidvalue_set_unsigned(struct oidvalue *ov, uintmax_t u)
{
ov->type = UNSIGNED;
ov->value.u = u;
}
/* Sets the value of an OID as a floating-point number. */
static void
oidvalue_set_float(struct oidvalue *ov, double f)
{
ov->type = FLOAT;
ov->value.f = f;
}
/* Prints the value of an OID to a file stream. */
static void
oidvalue_print(const struct oidvalue *ov, FILE *fp)
{
switch (ov->type) {
case SIGNED:
fprintf(fp, "%jd", ov->value.s);
break;
case UNSIGNED:
fprintf(fp, "%ju", ov->value.u);
break;
case FLOAT:
switch (fpclassify(ov->value.f)) {
case FP_INFINITE:
if (signbit(ov->value.f))
fprintf(fp, "-Inf");
else
fprintf(fp, "+Inf");
break;
case FP_NAN:
fprintf(fp, "Nan");
break;
default:
fprintf(fp, "%.6f", ov->value.f);
break;
}
break;
}
}
/* Fetches the value of an OID. */
static bool
oid_get_value(const struct oid *o, const struct oidformat *of,
struct oidvalue *ov)
{
switch (of->kind & CTLTYPE) {
#define GET_VALUE(ctltype, type) \
case (ctltype): { \
type value; \
size_t valuesize; \
\
valuesize = sizeof(value); \
if (sysctl(o->id, o->len, &value, &valuesize, 0, 0) != 0) \
return (false); \
if ((type)-1 > 0) \
oidvalue_set_unsigned(ov, value); \
else \
oidvalue_set_signed(ov, value); \
break; \
}
GET_VALUE(CTLTYPE_INT, int);
GET_VALUE(CTLTYPE_UINT, unsigned int);
GET_VALUE(CTLTYPE_LONG, long);
GET_VALUE(CTLTYPE_ULONG, unsigned long);
GET_VALUE(CTLTYPE_S8, int8_t);
GET_VALUE(CTLTYPE_U8, uint8_t);
GET_VALUE(CTLTYPE_S16, int16_t);
GET_VALUE(CTLTYPE_U16, uint16_t);
GET_VALUE(CTLTYPE_S32, int32_t);
GET_VALUE(CTLTYPE_U32, uint32_t);
GET_VALUE(CTLTYPE_S64, int64_t);
GET_VALUE(CTLTYPE_U64, uint64_t);
#undef GET_VALUE
case CTLTYPE_OPAQUE:
if (oidformat_is_timeval(of)) {
struct timeval tv;
size_t tvsize;
tvsize = sizeof(tv);
if (sysctl(o->id, o->len, &tv, &tvsize, 0, 0) != 0)
return (false);
oidvalue_set_float(ov,
(double)tv.tv_sec + (double)tv.tv_usec / 1000000);
return (true);
} else if (strcmp(of->format, "S,loadavg") == 0) {
struct loadavg la;
size_t lasize;
/*
* Only return the one minute load average, as
* the others can be inferred using avg_over_time().
*/
lasize = sizeof(la);
if (sysctl(o->id, o->len, &la, &lasize, 0, 0) != 0)
return (false);
oidvalue_set_float(ov,
(double)la.ldavg[0] / (double)la.fscale);
return (true);
}
return (false);
default:
return (false);
}
/* Convert temperatures from decikelvin to degrees Celsius. */
if (oidformat_is_temperature(of)) {
double v;
int e;
v = oidvalue_get_float(ov);
if (v < 0) {
oidvalue_set_float(ov, NAN);
} else {
e = of->format[2] >= '0' && of->format[2] <= '9' ?
of->format[2] - '0' : 1;
oidvalue_set_float(ov, v / pow(10, e) - 273.15);
}
}
return (true);
}
/*
* The full name of an OID, stored as a series of components.
*/
struct oidname {
struct oid oid;
char names[BUFSIZ];
char labels[BUFSIZ];
};
/*
* Initializes the OID name object with an empty value.
*/
static void
oidname_init(struct oidname *on)
{
on->oid.len = 0;
}
/* Fetches the name and labels of an OID, reusing the previous results. */
static void
oid_get_name(const struct oid *o, struct oidname *on)
{
int lookup[CTL_MAXNAME + 2];
char *c, *label;
size_t i, len;
/* Fetch the name and split it up in separate components. */
lookup[0] = CTL_SYSCTL;
lookup[1] = CTL_SYSCTL_NAME;
memcpy(lookup + 2, o->id, o->len * sizeof(lookup[0]));
len = sizeof(on->names);
if (sysctl(lookup, 2 + o->len, on->names, &len, 0, 0) != 0)
err(1, "sysctl(name)");
for (c = strchr(on->names, '.'); c != NULL; c = strchr(c + 1, '.'))
*c = '\0';
/* No need to fetch labels for components that we already have. */
label = on->labels;
for (i = 0; i < o->len && i < on->oid.len && o->id[i] == on->oid.id[i];
++i)
label += strlen(label) + 1;
/* Fetch the remaining labels. */
lookup[1] = 6;
for (; i < o->len; ++i) {
len = on->labels + sizeof(on->labels) - label;
if (sysctl(lookup, 2 + i + 1, label, &len, 0, 0) == 0) {
label += len;
} else if (errno == ENOENT) {
*label++ = '\0';
} else {
err(1, "sysctl(oidlabel)");
}
}
on->oid = *o;
}
/* Populates the name and labels of an OID to a buffer. */
static void
oid_get_metric(const struct oidname *on, const struct oidformat *of,
char *metric, size_t mlen)
{
const char *name, *label;
size_t i;
char separator, buf[BUFSIZ];
/* Print the name of the metric. */
snprintf(metric, mlen, "%s", "sysctl");
name = on->names;
label = on->labels;
for (i = 0; i < on->oid.len; ++i) {
if (*label == '\0') {
strlcat(metric, "_", mlen);
while (*name != '\0') {
/* Map unsupported characters to underscores. */
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%c",
isalnum(*name) ? *name : '_');
strlcat(metric, buf, mlen);
++name;
}
}
name += strlen(name) + 1;
label += strlen(label) + 1;
}
if (oidformat_is_temperature(of))
strlcat(metric, "_celsius", mlen);
else if (oidformat_is_timeval(of))
strlcat(metric, "_seconds", mlen);
/* Print the labels of the metric. */
name = on->names;
label = on->labels;
separator = '{';
for (i = 0; i < on->oid.len; ++i) {
if (*label != '\0') {
assert(label[strspn(label,
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
"0123456789_")] == '\0');
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%c%s=\"", separator, label);
strlcat(metric, buf, mlen);
while (*name != '\0') {
/* Escape backslashes and double quotes. */
if (*name == '\\' || *name == '"')
strlcat(metric, "\\", mlen);
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%c", *name++);
strlcat(metric, buf, mlen);
}
strlcat(metric, "\"", mlen);
separator = ',';
}
name += strlen(name) + 1;
label += strlen(label) + 1;
}
if (separator != '{')
strlcat(metric, "}", mlen);
}
/* Returns whether the OID name has any labels associated to it. */
static bool
oidname_has_labels(const struct oidname *on)
{
size_t i;
for (i = 0; i < on->oid.len; ++i)
if (on->labels[i] != 0)
return (true);
return (false);
}
/*
* The description of an OID.
*/
struct oiddescription {
char description[BUFSIZ];
};
/*
* Fetches the description of an OID.
*/
static bool
oid_get_description(const struct oid *o, struct oiddescription *od)
{
int lookup[CTL_MAXNAME + 2];
char *newline;
size_t odlen;
lookup[0] = CTL_SYSCTL;
lookup[1] = CTL_SYSCTL_OIDDESCR;
memcpy(lookup + 2, o->id, o->len * sizeof(lookup[0]));
odlen = sizeof(od->description);
if (sysctl(lookup, 2 + o->len, &od->description, &odlen, 0, 0) != 0) {
if (errno == ENOENT)
return (false);
err(1, "sysctl(oiddescr)");
}
newline = strchr(od->description, '\n');
if (newline != NULL)
*newline = '\0';
return (*od->description != '\0');
}
/* Prints the description of an OID to a file stream. */
static void
oiddescription_print(const struct oiddescription *od, FILE *fp)
{
fprintf(fp, "%s", od->description);
}
static void
oid_print(const struct oid *o, struct oidname *on, bool print_description,
bool exclude, bool include, FILE *fp)
{
struct oidformat of;
struct oidvalue ov;
struct oiddescription od;
char metric[BUFSIZ];
bool has_desc;
if (!oid_get_format(o, &of) || !oid_get_value(o, &of, &ov))
return;
oid_get_name(o, on);
oid_get_metric(on, &of, metric, sizeof(metric));
if (exclude && regexec(&exc_regex, metric, 0, NULL, 0) == 0)
return;
if (include && regexec(&inc_regex, metric, 0, NULL, 0) != 0)
return;
has_desc = oid_get_description(o, &od);
/*
* Skip metrics with "(LEGACY)" in the name. It's used by several
* redundant ZFS sysctls whose names alias with the non-legacy versions.
*/
if (has_desc && strnstr(od.description, "(LEGACY)", BUFSIZ) != NULL)
return;
/*
* Print the line with the description. Prometheus expects a
* single unique description for every metric, which cannot be
* guaranteed by sysctl if labels are present. Omit the
* description if labels are present.
*/
if (print_description && !oidname_has_labels(on) && has_desc) {
fprintf(fp, "# HELP ");
fprintf(fp, "%s", metric);
fputc(' ', fp);
oiddescription_print(&od, fp);
fputc('\n', fp);
}
/* Print the line with the value. */
fprintf(fp, "%s", metric);
fputc(' ', fp);
oidvalue_print(&ov, fp);
fputc('\n', fp);
}
/* Gzip compresses a buffer of memory. */
static bool
buf_gzip(const char *in, size_t inlen, char *out, size_t *outlen)
{
z_stream stream = {
.next_in = __DECONST(unsigned char *, in),
.avail_in = inlen,
.next_out = (unsigned char *)out,
.avail_out = *outlen,
};
if (deflateInit2(&stream, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION, Z_DEFLATED,
MAX_WBITS + 16, 8, Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY) != Z_OK ||
deflate(&stream, Z_FINISH) != Z_STREAM_END) {
return (false);
}
*outlen = stream.total_out;
return (deflateEnd(&stream) == Z_OK);
}
static void
usage(void)
{
fprintf(stderr, "%s",
"usage: prometheus_sysctl_exporter [-dgh] [-e pattern] [-i pattern]\n"
"\t[prefix ...]\n");
exit(1);
}
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct oidname on;
char *http_buf;
FILE *fp;
size_t http_buflen;
int ch, error;
bool exclude, include, gzip_mode, http_mode, print_descriptions;
char errbuf[BUFSIZ];
/* Parse command line flags. */
include = exclude = gzip_mode = http_mode = print_descriptions = false;
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "de:ghi:")) != -1) {
switch (ch) {
case 'd':
print_descriptions = true;
break;
case 'e':
error = regcomp(&exc_regex, optarg, REG_EXTENDED);
if (error != 0) {
regerror(error, &exc_regex, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
errx(1, "bad regular expression '%s': %s",
optarg, errbuf);
}
exclude = true;
break;
case 'g':
gzip_mode = true;
break;
case 'h':
http_mode = true;
break;
case 'i':
error = regcomp(&inc_regex, optarg, REG_EXTENDED);
if (error != 0) {
regerror(error, &inc_regex, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
errx(1, "bad regular expression '%s': %s",
optarg, errbuf);
}
include = true;
break;
default:
usage();
}
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
/* HTTP output: cache metrics in buffer. */
if (http_mode) {
fp = open_memstream(&http_buf, &http_buflen);
if (fp == NULL)
err(1, "open_memstream");
} else {
fp = stdout;
}
oidname_init(&on);
if (argc == 0) {
struct oid o;
/* Print all OIDs. */
oid_get_root(&o);
do {
oid_print(&o, &on, print_descriptions, exclude, include, fp);
} while (oid_get_next(&o, &o));
} else {
int i;
/* Print only trees provided as arguments. */
for (i = 0; i < argc; ++i) {
struct oid o, root;
if (!oid_get_by_name(&root, argv[i])) {
/*
* Ignore trees provided as arguments that
* can't be found. They might belong, for
* example, to kernel modules not currently
* loaded.
*/
continue;
}
o = root;
do {
oid_print(&o, &on, print_descriptions, exclude, include, fp);
} while (oid_get_next(&o, &o) &&
oid_is_beneath(&o, &root));
}
}
if (http_mode) {
const char *content_encoding = "";
if (ferror(fp) || fclose(fp) != 0)
err(1, "Cannot generate output");
/* Gzip compress the output. */
if (gzip_mode) {
char *buf;
size_t buflen;
buflen = http_buflen;
buf = malloc(buflen);
if (buf == NULL)
err(1, "Cannot allocate compression buffer");
if (buf_gzip(http_buf, http_buflen, buf, &buflen)) {
content_encoding = "Content-Encoding: gzip\r\n";
free(http_buf);
http_buf = buf;
http_buflen = buflen;
} else {
free(buf);
}
}
/* Print HTTP header and metrics. */
dprintf(STDOUT_FILENO,
"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
"Connection: close\r\n"
"%s"
"Content-Length: %zu\r\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; version=0.0.4\r\n"
"\r\n",
content_encoding, http_buflen);
write(STDOUT_FILENO, http_buf, http_buflen);
free(http_buf);
/* Drain output. */
if (shutdown(STDIN_FILENO, SHUT_WR) == 0) {
char buf[1024];
while (read(STDIN_FILENO, buf, sizeof(buf)) > 0) {
}
}
}
return (0);
}